Gabatarwa:
Kai, wannan ƙirƙira na iya rushe ƙa'idodin wasan a cikin sabuwar masana'antar makamashi ta duniya! A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, 2025, babbar mujallar ƙasa da ƙasa ta Nature ta buga wani ci gaba mai ban mamaki. Tawagar Peng Huisheng/Gao Yue daga Jami'ar Fudan da ke China ta ƙirƙiro wani sabon salo.Fasahar "sake farfadowa" batirin lithium, wanda ya karya ƙa'idodin ƙira na gargajiya na batirin lithium na fiye da shekaru 30, wanda zai iya tsawaita rayuwar batirin fiye da sau 10! Batirin lithium iron phosphate na yau da kullun har yanzu yana riƙe da kashi 96% na ƙarfinsa bayan zagayowar caji da fitarwa 11,818! Kun sani, ana amfani da batirin lithium ɗin da ke kasuwa sau 1000-2000.
Me wannan ke nufi? Tesla a da tana buƙatar sauya batirinta duk bayan shekaru 6-8, amma yanzu ana iya tuƙa ta na tsawon shekaru 60 ba tare da an maye gurbinta ba! Ana iya caji da kuma cire batirin iPhone ɗinka sau 10,000 ba tare da rasa wutar lantarki ba!
Wahayi ga fasahar gyaran batir ya fito ne daga maganin ɗan adam
Ta yaya aka haifi wannan abin al'ajabin da aka gano?
Kamar yadda muke magance cututtukan ɗan adam, muna mai da hankali kan gyara manyan matsalolin batirin yayin da muke kare lafiyar sassan jikinsu, "in ji Gao Yue, wani mai bincike a Jami'ar Fudan.
Da farko, babban dalilin da ya sa batirin lithium ya "tsufa" shine asarar ions na lithium. Kamar yadda rashin wani sinadari a jikin ɗan adam zai iya haifar da rashin lafiya, haka nan batirin zai iya fuskantar raguwar aiki saboda rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Manufar ƙungiyar ita ce: Za mu iya sake cika ions na lithium da suka ɓace a cikin batirin kamar yin allura ga majiyyaci?
AI yana taimakawa wajen karya manyan fasahohin daidaita batirin
Duk da haka, samun "allurar" da ta dace ba aiki ne mai sauƙi ba. Wannan kwayar halittar mai ɗauke da sinadarai dole ne ta cika buƙatun ƙa'idodin zahiri da na sinadarai a lokaci guda:
- Samun aikin lantarki mai dacewa da kuma kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na rugujewa.
- Daidaitaccen narkewa a cikin electrolyte.
- Yana da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na iska da kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai.
- Daidaitaccen acidity, alkalinity, da kuma motsin amsawa.
- Dole ne kayayyakin ruɓewa su kasance masu aminci kuma marasa lahani.
- Mafi mahimmanci, ya kamata ya zama mai arha kuma mai sauƙin faɗaɗa samarwa.
Fasahar wucin gadi ta gano muhimman abubuwa
Ba tare da wani abin da zai biyo baya ba, ƙungiyar binciken ta koma ga basirar wucin gadi. Sun yi amfani da fasahar dijital wajen ƙirƙirar ƙwayoyin halitta kuma suka yi amfani da ilimin injina don nemo amsoshi daga adadi mai yawa na ilimin sinadarai na halitta, ilimin lantarki da kuma bayanan injiniyan kayan aiki.
Aikin da aka yi ya yi nasara! Bayan shekaru 4 na aiki tukuru, a ƙarshe sun sami mafita mafi dacewa: CF3SO2Li (lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate). Wannan ƙwayar halitta kamar ƙaramin na'urar jigilar kaya ce, tana ɗauke da lithium electrons a gefe ɗaya kuma tana fitar da su lafiya a matsayin iskar gas a ɗayan gefen bayan an kammala jigilar.
Sakamakon gwaji yana da ban mamaki!
A cikin gwajin, batirin da ya sami wannan "daidaitaccen magani" har yanzu yana da aiki kusa da matakin masana'anta koda bayan zagayowar caji da fitarwa daga 12000 zuwa 60000. Wannan ba wai kawai yana tsawaita rayuwar batirin ba ne, har ma yana samar da mafita mai yuwuwa ta fasaha don magance matsalar gurɓatar batirin sharar gida mai yawa.
Abin da ya fi ban sha'awa shi ne cewa wannan fasaha ta buɗe sabbin damammaki gaba ɗaya:
An aiwatar da tsarin batirin lithium mara cathode tare da ƙarfin lantarki na 3.0V da yawan kuzari har zuwa 1192 Wh/kg.
An ƙera batirin polyacrylonitrile cathode mai sulfurized organic pouch tare da ƙarfin kuzari na 388 Wh/kg.
Tasirin Juyin Juya Hali
Wannan ci gaban zai canza dokokin wasan gaba ɗaya a cikin sabuwar masana'antar makamashi:
Zai rage farashin amfani da motocin lantarki sosai, zai rage gurɓatar muhalli da fasa batir ke haifarwa sosai, sannan ya buɗe sabbin dabaru don ƙirar sabbin batura; abin da ya fi burgewa shi ne cewa farashin wannan fasaha yana da yawa - ana sa ran zai kai ƙasa da kashi 10% na jimlar kuɗin batir, wanda ke nufin yana da yuwuwar amfani da shi a manyan fannoni na kasuwanci!
Kamar yadda mai bincike Gao Yue ya ce: Ko dai don tsawaita rayuwar batirin ne ko kuma hana yin watsi da babban adadi da gurɓatar muhalli, wannan "maganin daidaitacce" yana ba da mafita mai yuwuwa ta fasaha. Wannan binciken ba wai kawai yana nuna ƙarfin sabuwar fasahar China a fannin sabon makamashi ba ne, har ma yana nuna isowar sabon zamani. Nan gaba kaɗan, "damuwar batirin" na iya zama tarihi. Bari mu yi fatan tallata wannan fasahar juyin juya hali da wuri-wuri!
Buƙatar Ƙimar Kuɗi:
Jacqueline:jacqueline@heltec-energy.com/ +86 185 8375 6538
Sucre:sucre@heltec-bms.com/ +86 136 8844 2313
Nancy:nancy@heltec-energy.com/ +86 184 8223 7713
Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-28-2025